All general purpose computers require the following hardware components

All general purpose computers require the following hardware components:

All general purpose computers require the following hardware components

Memory: Enables a computer to store data and programs, at least temporarily.

Mass Storage Device: Allows a computer to sustain large amounts of data permanently. Common mass storage devices include solid state drives (SSDs) or disk drives and tape drives.
Input Device: Usually a keyboard and mouse, the input device is a condensate through which data and instructions enter the computer.
Output device: A display screen, printer, or other device that lets you see what the computer has accomplished.
Central Processing Unit (CPU): The heart of a computer, it is the component that actually executes instructions.
In addition to these components, many other basic components make it possible to work together efficiently. For example, each computer requires a bus that transports data from one part of the computer to another.

Computer classification: by size and power

Most people associate a personal computer (PC) with the phrase computer. A PC is a small and relatively inexpensive computer designed for personal use. PCs are based on microprocessor technology that enables manufacturers to put the entire CPU on a single chip.

A personal computer at home can be used for various applications including games, word processing, accounting, and other tasks.

Computers are usually classified as follows by size and power, although there is considerable overlap. The difference between computer classifications is usually smaller as technology advances, making smaller and more powerful and cost-friendly components.


Personal computer: A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor. In addition to the microprocessor, a personal computer has a keyboard to enter data, a monitor to display information, and a storage device to save data.
Workstation: A powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but has a more powerful microprocessor and a higher-quality monitor.
Minicomputer: A multi-user computer capable of supporting 10 to hundreds of users simultaneously.
Mainframe: A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously.
Supercomputer: A very fast computer that can perform millions of instructions per second.